North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE) Practice Test

The condition associated with a cow's consumption of green oak leaves during late pregnancy is indeed acorn/oak bud toxicosis. This condition arises primarily from the ingestion of certain parts of the oak tree, including the leaves and acorns, which contain tannins and other toxic compounds. These substances can cause severe gastrointestinal disturbances and can result in kidney damage, which may be particularly harmful during late pregnancy.

The risk of acorn/oak bud toxicosis increases during the fall months when acorns and new growth of oak leaves are more readily available. Clinical signs can include depression, gastrointestinal upset, and in severe cases, death, especially in late-pregnant cows where the stress of the toxins may also affect the developing fetus.

Other conditions listed, while they can occur in cattle, are not directly linked to the consumption of green oak leaves during this time. For instance, hypocalcemia typically relates to dietary imbalances or issues with calcium metabolism, which is not the case when specifically addressing oak leaf consumption. Nitrate toxicity stems from high-nitrate feed sources and white muscle disease is associated with selenium deficiency, neither of which are relevant to the consumption of oak foliage. Thus, acorn/oak bud toxicosis is the most pertinent condition